地区考研辅导班

经济学人精读升职加薪,真的是你想要的吗考研英语外刊双语…(经济学人精讲)

今日高斋外刊双语精读雒教师joy和小火伴给我们共享经济学人19年6月的一篇文章the promotion curse 升职的咒骂,is your promotion really necessary? 你真的有必要升职吗?
原文:many workers focus their hopes on climbing the hierarchy of their organisations. the prospect of higher pay helps explain their ambition, but so does the greater status that comes with each successive title.?people get promoted until they reach a level when they stop enjoying their jobs. another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance.?“in exchange for the promise of financial security and guaranteed work, i had sold my time to complete strangers with my permission for them to use that time for their own purposes,” charles handy?writes?in his?new book, “21 letters on life and its challenges”.
高斋参阅译文:许多职工把期望寄予在升职上。升职意味着加薪,职位每升一级,方位也会更高。我们会一向提升到他们不再享受作业时中止。寻求频频升职的另一个疑问是,它会让你的作业日子失衡。查尔斯·汉迪(charles handy)在他的的新书《21封信谈人生及其应战》(21 letters on life and its challenges)中写道:“为了获得经济保证和一份平稳的作业,我把时刻卖给了完全陌生的人,这些人可认为了自个的意图随意占用我的时刻。”
第一句:many workers focus their hopes on climbing the hierarchy of their organisations.
许多职工把期望寄予在升职上。
1. focus one’s hopes on:当作固定表达来记,意思是“把期望寄予在,寄期望于”。“寄期望于”还可以标明为:place/put hopes >。
如:
the?state?places?great?hopes?on?the?younger?generation.?
国家对青年一代寄予很大的期望。
2. focus >,on是介词,所今后边跟动词ing,“climbing”。
3. hierarchy 美[?ha??rɑ?rki]:它是名词,hierarchy有三层意义。
一是指“hierarchy”可以指“(组织中的)掌权集团,控制集团”。
二是标明“层次体系”,例如:a hierarchy of needs不一样层次的需要。比方maslows hierarchy of needs马斯洛需要层次理论,马斯洛理论把需要分红生理需要(physiological needs)、平安需要(safety needs)、爱和归属感(love and belonging)、尊敬(esteem)和自我完成(self-actualization)五类,顺次由较低层次到较高层次摆放。
三是“等级,等级准则,等级体系”,如t

he social hierarchy 社会等级准则。咱们说我国古代是一个等级威严的国家,“等级森林”就可以说“hierarchical”。它的近义词是“stratified”。
climb the hierarchy of one’s organisations中“the hierarchy of their organisations”是关于职工而言的,最佳翻译为“升职”。climb the hierarchy of one’s organisations的同义表达是:climb the career ladder。
?
第二句:the prospect of higher pay helps explain their ambition, but so does the greater status that comes with each successive title.?
升职意味着加薪,职位每升一级,方位也会更高。
1. the prospect of:prospect在这儿标明“期望中的事、可以发生的事”。
比方经济学人上是这么标明“薪酬增加高低加大”的:
the prospect of higher wage increases is one justification;
薪酬增加高低加大是其间一个缘由。
原文“the prospect of higher pay”指“有/期望有更高的薪水”,它的意思是说,职工期望升职,其间一个缘由就是升功能带来更高的薪水。
2. pay:指“薪酬、薪水”。overtime pay:加班费;a well-paid job:高薪作业;
近义词分析:income、wage、pay、salary、earnings
income指收入、收益、所得,一般看作是可靠的固定收入。the income gap:收入间隔;per-capita income 人均收入;
wage一般指按周收取的薪酬、工钱。如:in addition to my weekly wage, i got a lot of tips. 除了每周的薪水外,我还能得到不少小费。the average hourly wage:均匀时薪;
salary一般指按月发放的薪水、薪水。如:a 9% salary increase:加薪9%。
earnings指薪水、薪酬、收入。如:at the highest executive levels earnings and performance arent always correlated. 在最高打点层,收入与作业体现并不老是有关的。
“薪水”一般用的是“pay”和“salary”。
3. helps explain:当作固定表达来记,字面意思是“有助于说明”,一般用来说明阐明缘由。
比方纽约时报上的这句:
that gulf helps explain why stock markets are thriving even as the economy is barely growing and unemployment remains stubbornly high.
这一无量分化说明了为啥在经济几乎中止增加、赋闲率居高不下的情况下,股市仍然可以坚持昌盛。
4. ambition:ambition有两层意义。它标明“愿望,抱负”时,是可数名词。如:政治志向 political ambitions;它标明“野心,宏愿,志向”时是不可以数名词。如:even when i was young i never had any ambition. 即就是年青时,我也从没有啥宏愿壮志。
原文的“their ambition”标明“职工升职的宏愿和志向”。
5. “but so does”标明“也”的意思。这是so does的倒装句,“but so does the greater status”,正常的语序是“but the greater status does so”,即“but the greater status also helps explain their ambition”。所以这句其实是“their ambition”的第二个缘由。第一个是加薪,第二个是方位越高。
6. each successive title:职位每升一级。“successive”标明“接连的,接连的,相继的”。如:
杰克逊现已是接连第二年取胜了。
jackson?was?the?winner?for?a?second?successive?year.
近义词是consecutive [k?nsekj?t?v]:adj. 联接的;接连的,不接连的。金融时报上有一篇文章讲英国的碳排放量接连六年降低,文章最初是这么说的:
carbon dioxide emissions in the uk fell for?the sixth consecutive year?in 2021, driven by falling coal usage in power generation, according to a new report.?
一份最新陈述闪现,受用煤发电量降低的推进,英国的二氧化碳排放量到2021年现已接连六年降低。
for the sixth consecutive year也可以说for six consecutive years,也可以说for six years in a row,也可以用for the sixth year running。
7. “title”在这儿是“职位称号,职称”的意思,描绘job或status;“each”标明“每”的意义,“each successive title”,即职位每升一级,其实就是不断升职的意思。
8. “that comes with each successive title”是“the great status”的后置定语。“the greater status that comes with each successive title”直译就是“每升一级带来的更高方位”,翻译成语句就是:职位每升一级,方位就会更高。
第三句:people get promoted until they reach a level when they stop enjoying their jobs.
我们会一向提升到他们不再享受作业时中止。1. get promoted:固定表达,指“升职,提升”。
《华尔街日报》上有句话是这么说的:
that means that some women may have to work even harder than their male counterparts to get promoted.
这意味着一些女人可以要比男性愈加尽力才干获得提升机缘。
“升职,提升”也可以说:be promoted、get a promotion、climb the career ladder。
2. when they stop enjoying their jobs引导的是“a level”的定语从句,阐明是怎样的level。翻译时“level”省译。
3. when they stop enjoying their jobs:他们不再享受作业时。“stop doing sth.”标明“不再/中止做某事”。留心,“their”物主代词省译。
可见,一味寻求升职并不必定是功德,假定一自个喜爱当教师,升职当了系主任,他也未必开心。
第四句:another problem with pursuing frequent promotions is that it can lead you to lose control of your work-life balance.on the afternoon of july 31st youngsters in dozens of chinese cities r
寻求频频升职的另一个疑问是,它会让你的作业日子失衡。
1. 前一句?档氖茄扒笃灯瞪暗牡谝桓鲆晌剩罕涞貌辉傧硎茏饕怠U饩浠俺醪浇樯苎扒笃灯瞪暗牡诙鲆晌剩喝媚愕淖饕等兆邮Ш狻?br>
problem with doing sth.:标明“……的疑问是;……有疑问”。
如金融时报上的这句:
if it was an eight- or nine-week delay there would be a problem with getting some toys on shelves in time for christmas.
假定延期时刻为8到9周,那么某些玩具要在圣诞节时刻及时上架就会有疑问。
原文的“another problem with pursuing frequent promotions”即“寻求频频升职的另一个疑问”。
2. promotions:标明“升职,提升”之意,是“promoted”的名词方法。“pursue promotions”即“寻求提升”。
pursue是catti考试中的高频词,可以标明践行、推进等,如19年catti冲刺班见过这句:
活泼践行包容性打开,让民众有更多获得感。
we need to?pursue inclusive development?to enhance our peoples sense of fulfillment.
3. lose control of:固定表达,指“失掉对……的控制”。
《华尔街日报》上有句话是这么说的:
another problem is that multinationals may well lose control of their own distribution channels in china.
还有一个疑问是,跨国公司很可以对它们在我国的分销途径失掉控制。
原文是“lose control of your work-life balance”,“work-life balance”即“作业与日子的平衡”,失掉对作业与日子的平衡的控制,其言外之意就是:让作业日子失衡。
第五句:“in exchange for the promise of financial security and guaranteed work, i had sold my time to complete strangers?with my permission for them to use that time for their own purposes,”?charles handy?writes?in his?new book, “21 letters on life and its challenges”.
查尔斯·汉迪(charles handy)在他的的新书《21封信谈人生及其应战》(21 letters on life and its challenges)中写道:“为了获得经济保证和一份平稳的作业,我把时刻卖给了完全陌生的人,这些人可认为了自个的意图随意占用我的时刻。”
1. 查尔斯·汉迪(charles handy)(1932-)是欧洲最出名和最具影响力的打点思维家,以“组织与自个的联络”、“将来的作业形状” 等新观念出名于世。21 letters on life and its challenges(《21封信谈人生及其应战》)是它最新出书的一本书。
2. 在平话名的时分,需要用双引号,而且双引号前要有逗号。在翻译成汉语时,要加书名号,所以将“21 letters on life and its challenges”翻译为“《21封信谈人生及其应战》(21 letters on life and its challenges)”。括号里加上英文,是为了便利读者查找。
3. 英文是书中的内容+书名,可是翻译成中文时,是书名+书中的内容,所以翻译时先翻“charles handy writes in his new book, “21 letters on life and its challenges”.”,再翻前面双引号里具体书中写了啥内容。
4. in exchange for:固定表达,意思是“作为交流;交流”。
比方经济学人上的这句话:
many employers, though, would happily do a bit more paperwork in exchange for certainty.
另一方面,许多雇主为保证雇工的合法身份都愿意做更多的书面作业。
原文的“in exchange for the promise of”即“为了交流对……的承诺”。
“交流,交流”还可以说:trade for。咱们在外刊精读与翻译班学过一篇有关技能咖移民的文章,其间有一句:
what would?induce a software developer to quit a good job in silicon valley and trade california’s sunshine for toronto’s wintry skies?
是啥让一位软件开发工程师辞去硅谷的好作业,脱离阳光亮丽的加州,奔向冷飕飕的多伦多?
5. financial security:这个短语可以有多种了解,“金融平安”、“财务平安”以及“经济保证”,在这儿它指的是“经济保绽淠
《华尔街日报》上有句话是这么说的:?
its about providing financial security for you and your family.?
这是为了给自个和家人供给经济保证。
还比方:
women no longer?view matrimony as a necessary station on the road to financial security.
对女人而言,婚姻不再是获得经济保证的必经之路。
6. guaranteed work:有保证的作业,即“作业平稳”之意。
7. permission for sb. to do sth.:标明“答应或人做某事”。
举个金融时报上的比方:
different?shipowners?are?also?likely?to?be?taking?different?approaches?to?asking?for?permission?for?the?vessels?to?dock.?
不一样的船东也可以采纳不一样的方法请求获得船舶停靠答应。
8.?原文的“with my permission for them to use that time”,直译就是“我答应他们运用我的时刻”,可是这儿不要翻译为“答应”,它实践上说的是职工和雇主之间的一种交流联络,职工用自个的时刻交流经济保证和平稳的作业,而雇主则可以安适分配职工的时刻,所以译文翻译为“可以”。
类似的翻译思维在19年翻译班里边见过,其间讲的是allow的翻译。
9. “use that time”:“use”翻译为“占用”。996作业制就是典型,不少独身人士诉苦:作业时刻这么长,作业这么忙,哪有时刻去谈恋爱?
不过,再忙,恋爱仍是要谈的!o(∩_∩)o哈哈~那就“尽力作业,尽情玩乐”。

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