??? ? ? ?1.逗号comma
??用于切割并排成分。考研要点：两个逗号之间，或许一个逗号之后，假定是弥补阐明成分时，跳过不看。eg. some huge american industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.
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??2.句号period/fullstop
??①用于陈述句，标明一个语句的结束，起切割切分语句作用。
??②用于某些缩略词之后。比方mr.、ms.、etc.等等。假定句号作为简写符号运用，那么这个词语简写前后边的符号大约照常写上，因为简写号并非句号，也不遵从句号的语法。比方entreprise co.，ltd或许i invited tom，jerry，etc..(留心两个点)。
??③用作小数点
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??3.问号
??考研英语阅览文章中的问号一般都是设问的功用，只问不答，答案不言自明。eg1.考研莫非没有价值吗？另外，假定开篇就是问句，那么则归于疑问答案型文章，对疑问的答复就是全文主旨。
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??4.冒号(colon)：
? ? ? ?冒号前后是从笼统到具体的进程，后边进一步弥补阐明前面的内容。
??eg.1997 passage3 q2
??60.the word “pervasive” (line 1, paragraph 2) might mean________.
??[a]widespread[b]overwhelming
??[c]piercing[d]fashionable
??we live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is per
vasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.
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??5.分号(semi-colon)前后是并排联络，包括规划上并排和语义上的并排。
??for us, this means that evolution is over; the biological utopia has arrived. (2000 passage2)
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??6.引号(quotationmarks)：①引证②偏重③讥讽
??eg1 “scientific” creationism, which is being pushed by some for “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science.
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??7.括号(parentheses)①说明阐明生词。②弥补阐明
??drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. (1997，text 3)
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??8.破折号(dash)
??①一个破折号后边起弥补阐明或评价判别。
??i am an idiot – the stupidest kind of all.“this book stands for reason itself.” and so it does — and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
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??②两破折号之间其弥补阐明，可先跳过不看。
??in australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.
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??9.省掉号(ellipsis)…
??英文中的省掉号的作用和汉语是相同的。当省掉号在句围而且有下文时，大约打四个点，最终一个为句号。如：anditflewfurther，andfurther，andfurther….jorgesmiledandturnedback.当省掉号在句尾并作为口气延伸的作用时，应运用修辞前的标点，如：doyouloveme…？其他情况下运用三个点。如：the martians…they just…just bombed our…our town，please send…more…????????????
