??2021考研初试12月26~27日进行，2021考研初试情况(点击查看》》2021考研初试真题及答案解析专题)，第一时间为考生提供考研真题答案及答案解析内容，同时新东方考研教师将为考生提供视频直播解析。直播入口|考研真题答案专区
From the early days of broadband, advocates for consumers and web-basedcompanies worried that the cable and phone companies selling broadbandconnections had the power and incentive to favor affiliated websites over theirrivals. That’s why there has been such 
a strong demand for rules that wouldprevent broadband providers from picking winners and losers online, preservingthe freedom and innovation that have been the lifeblood of the internet.
Yet that demand has been almost impossible to fill—in part because ofpushback from broadband providers, anti-regulatory conservatives and the courts.A federal appeals court weighed in again Tuesday, but instead of providing abadly needed resolution, it only prolonged the fight. At issue before the U.S.Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit was the latest take of theFederal Communications Commission (FCC) on net neutrality, adopted on aparty-line vote in 2017. The Republican-penned order not only eliminated thestrict net neutrality rules the FCC had adopted when it had a Democraticmajority in 2015, but rejected the commission’s authority to require broadbandproviders to do much of anything. The order also declared that state and localgovernments couldn’t regulate broadband providers either.
The commission argued that other agencies would protect againstanti-competitive behavior, such as a broadband-providing conglomerate likeAT&T favoring its own video-streaming service at the expense of Netflix andApple TV. Yet the FCC also ended the investigations of broadband providers thatimposed data caps on their rivals’ streaming services but not their own.
On Tuesday, the appeals court unanimously upheld the 2017 orderderegulating broadband providers, citing a Supreme Court ruling from 2005 thatupheld a similarly deregulatory move. But Judge Patricia Millett rightly arguedin a concurring opinion that “the result is unhinged from the realities ofmodern broadband service,” and said Congress or the Supreme Court couldintervene to “avoid trapping Internet regulation in technologicalanachronism.”
In the meantime, the court threw out the FCC’s attempt to block all staterules on net neutrality, while preserving the commission’s power to preemptindividual state laws that undermine its order. That means more battles like theone now going on between the Justice Department and California, which enacted atough net neutrality law in the wake of the FCC’s abdication.
The endless legal battles and back-and-forth at the FCC cry out forCongress to act. It needs to give the commission explicit authority once and forall to bar broadband providers from meddling in the traffic on their network andto create clear rules protecting openness and innovation online.
36. There has long been concern that broadband provides would
A. bring web-based firms under control.
B. slow down the traffic on their network.
C. show partiality in treating clients.
D. intensify competition with their
rivals.
本题正确选项为C。本题为细节题，通过题干关键词concern定位到原文第一段第一句From the early days of broadband,advocates for consumers and web-based companies worried that the cable and phonecompanies selling broadband connections had the power and incentive to favoraffiliated websites over theirrivals.concern对应原文worry，答案即在worry之后，意为“售卖宽带的有线电视和电话公司有能力和奖励措施去偏袒附属的一些网站”，与C选项“表明对待用户的偏袒”表述一致。A选项web-basedcompanies原文有原词，但是undercontrol原文未提及。B选项无中生有。D选项文中出现rivals，但intensifycompetition文中未提及。
37. Faced with the demand for net neutrality rules, the FCC
A. Sticks to an out-of-date order.
B. Takes an anti-regulatory stance.
C. Has issued a special resolution.
D. Has allowed the states to intervene.
本题正确选项为B。本题为细节题，根据题干关键词net neutrality rules定位到原文第二段The Republican-pennedorder not only eliminated the strict net neutrality rules the FCC had adoptedwhen it had a Democratic majority in 2015, but rejected the commission’sauthority to require broadband providers to do much of anything. The order alsodeclared that state and local governments couldn’t regulate broadband providerseither.第一句话重点在but转折之后，意为“这项规定拒绝FCC监管宽带提供商。”下一句中also的出现说明该句与上句逻辑一致，意为“这项规定还声称，各州和当地政府也不能监管宽带提供商。”，这两句话与选项B“采取了反规定的立场”表述一致。A选项无中生有，C选项resolution文中提及，但是前面出现insteadof，否定了resolution，D选项与原文意思相反。
38. What can be learned about AT&T from Paragraph 3?
A. It protects against unfair competition.
B. It engages in anti-competitive practices.
C. It is under the FCC’s investigation.
D. It is in pursuit of quality service.
本题正确选项为B。本题为细节题，根据题干关键词AT&T定位文章第三段第一句，根据such as的用法可知.AT&T在该句中做例子，所以它的行为和论点一致，论点“The commission argued that other agencies wouldprotect against anti-competitivebehavior”意为“其他机构防范反竞争行为”，与B选项“它参与到了反竞争活动中”表述一致。A选项unfaircompetition无中生有。C选项investigation文中有提及，但AT&T并不是受到FCC的调查。D选项qualityservice无中生有。
39. Judge Patricia Millett argues that the appeals court’s decision
A. focuses on trivialities.
B. conveys an ambiguous message.
C. is at odds with its earlier rulings.
D. is out of touch with reality.
本题正确选项为D。本题为细节题，通过题干关键词Judge Patricia Millett定位原文第四段第二句But Judge PatriciaMillett rightly argued in a concurring opinion that “the result is unhinged fromthe realities of modern broadband service,”意为“法官的意见是这个结果是脱离现代宽带服务现实的。”与D选项“与现实没有联系”意思表述一致。ABC三个选项原文均未提及。
40. What does the author argue in the last paragraph?
A. Congress needs to take action to ensure net neutrality.
B. The FCC should be put under strict supervision.
C. Rules need to be set to diversify online services.
D. Broadband providers’ rights should be protected.
本题正确选项为A。本题为段落推断题，定位文章最后一段，可采用排除法。A选项关键词Congress，定位原文第一句话The endless legalbattles and back-and-forth at the FCC cry out for Congress toact.意为“无止境的法律斗争和对FCC的反复要求国会采取行动”，与选项A“国会需要采取行动来确保网络中立”意思表述一致，netneutrality在本句虽未提及，但这是文章中心词。B选项通过FCC也定位第一句，但是putunder strict supervision文中未提及。C选项无中生有。D选项通过broadband providers定位第二句，但是rightsshould be protected文中未提及。
